Real Time Systems

Course Title: Real Time Systems

Course No: CSIT.423.4

Nature of the Course: Theory + Lab

Semester: 8

Full Marks: 60 + 20 + 20

Pass Marks: 24 + 10 + 10

Credit Hours: 3

Course Description

This course introduces theory, mechanisms, and implementations of real-time computer systems. It introduces real-time systems, real-time scheduling, real-time synchronization, real-time operating system kernels, and real-time programming languages. It also covers design and analysis of real-time resource management algorithms, their implementations in production operating system kernels, experimental studies of those implementations, and real-time application development.

Course Objectives

Identify problems as hard, firm or soft real-time system and give justification. Articulate and contrast different definitions in real-time systems. Comprehend formal methods based design approaches and utilize design tools to model real-time systems. Understand the impact of hardware architectures for real-time performance. Analyze the scheduling feasibility of a set of independent tasks. Understand resource policies and system services for inter tasks communication and synchronization. Differentiate between various performance analysis techniques. Understand real-time software testing, verification and system integration. Be aware of performance optimization techniques.

Course Contents

1. Fundamentals of Real Time Systems

5 hrs

1.1. Definition and concept of real time systems

1.2. Design Challenges

1.3. Evolution of real time systems

1.4. Advancements on modern real time systems

2. Hardware for real time systems

6 hrs

2.1. Processor architecture: Von Neumann architecture, instruction processing, interrupt considerations

Von Neumann architecture

Instruction processing

Interrupt considerations

2.2. Memory technologies: memory accessibility, class, and hierarchy

Memory accessibility

Memory class

Memory hierarchy

2.3. Architecture advancements and peripheral interfacing

2.4. Microprocessor versus microcontroller

2.5. Distributed real time architecture

3. Real time operating system

8 hrs

3.1. Basics of RTOS

3.2. Scheduling Frameworks: Round-Robin, cyclic code, fixed priority, dynamic priority scheduling

Round-Robin scheduling

Cyclic code scheduling

Fixed priority scheduling

Dynamic priority scheduling

3.3. System services for application

3.4. Memory management issues

4. Programming languages for real time systems

7 hrs

4.1. Coding of Real-Time Software: Fitness of a Programming Language for Real-Time Applications, Coding Standards for Real-Time Software

Fitness of a Programming Language for Real-Time Applications

Coding Standards for Real-Time Software

4.2. Assembly Language

4.3. Procedural Languages

4.4. Object-Oriented Languages: Synchronizing Objects and Garbage Collection, Cardelli's Metrics and Object-Oriented Languages, Object-Oriented versus Procedural Languages

Synchronizing Objects and Garbage Collection

Cardelli's Metrics and Object-Oriented Languages

Object-Oriented versus Procedural Languages

5. Requirements Engineering Methodology

6 hrs

5.1. Requirements Engineering for Real-Time Systems

5.2. Formal and Semiformal Methods in System Specification

5.3. The Requirements Document

6. Real time software design approaches

9 hrs

6.1. Qualities of Real-Time Software

6.2. Software Engineering Principles

6.3. Procedural Design Approach

6.4. Object-Oriented Design Approach

6.5. Life Cycle Models: Waterfall Model, V-Model, Spiral Model, Agile Methodologies

Waterfall Model

V-Model

Spiral Model

Agile Methodologies

7. Future of Real time systems

4 hrs

7.1. Future of Real-Time Hardware, Real-Time Operating Systems

Future of Real-Time Hardware

Future of Real-Time Operating Systems

7.2. Future of Real-Time Programming Languages: The UML++ as a Future Programming Language

7.3. Future of Real-Time Systems Engineering and Real-Time Applications

Laboratory Works

Student should write programs and prepare lab sheet for major units in the syllabus. They should practice design and implementation of real time systems that demonstrates different concepts discussed is class. However, nature of programming can be decided by the instructor. The lab work should be practiced for minimum of 3 lab hours per week.

1.Programming Exercises

Text Books

1.Phillip A. Laplante, Seppo J. Ovaska, Real Time Systems Design and Analysis, 4th Edition, Wiley-IEEE Press; (2011)

Reference Books

1.Jane W. S. Lui, Real Time Systems, First Edition, Pearson Education, 2000
2.Elecia White, Making Embedded Systems: Design Patterns for Great Software, 1st Edition (2011)
3.Cooling J.E., Software Design for Real-Time Systems, International Thompson Computer Press, London, England, 1991

Notes:

This syllabus follows the official CSIT curriculum of Far Western University. In case of any doubt or revision, the university's published syllabus shall be considered authoritative. https://cdc.fwu.edu.np/faculties.html

Real Time Systems

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