Computer Programming

Course Title: Computer Programming

Course No: ENCT 101

Nature of the Course: Theory + Lab

Semester: 1

Full Marks: 40 + 60 + 50

Pass Marks: 16 + 24 + 20

Credit Hours: 3

Course Description

This course focuses on the fundamental concepts of computer programming and problem-solving using the C language. It systematically examines core building blocks- variables, data types, operators, and control structures- moves through arrays, pointers, and user-defined functions, and progresses into structures and file management.

Course Objectives

The primary goal of this course is to provide students with a solid foundation in the principles of programming and to impart practical skills in the C programming language. This course ensures that students comprehend the fundamental concepts of variables, data types, control structures, and functions within the context of C. Advanced topics such as pointers, structures, file handling and the standard C library are explored to broaden students' programming capabilities. Also, through project-based assessments and evaluations, students apply their knowledge to real-world scenarios, fostering creativity and project development skills.

Course Contents

1. Introduction to Computer Programming

3 hrs

1.1. Definition of a computer program and programming language

1.2. Types and generations of programming languages

1.3. Problem-solving using a computer

Problem analysis

Algorithm and flowchart

Programming

Compilation, linking and execution

Debugging and testing

Documentation

2. Overview of C Programming

3 hrs

2.1. Introduction to C programming

2.2. History and importance of C

2.3. C headers and library functions

2.4. Basic structure of a C program

2.5. Preprocessor directives

2.6. Tokens in C (Character set, keywords and identifiers)

2.7. Type casting (Implicit and explicit)

2.8. Data types, variables and constants

2.9. Compiler and IDE for C programming

3. Operators and Expressions

4 hrs

3.1. Introduction to operators and expressions

3.2. Arithmetic, relational and logical operators

3.3. Assignment, increment and decrement operators

3.4. Conditional, bitwise and special operators

3.5. Comma operator, size of operator

3.6. Evaluation and type conversion in expressions

3.7. Operator precedence and associativity

4. Input and Output

3 hrs

4.1. Introduction to data I/O in C

4.2. Unformatted I/O

Character I/O

String I/O

4.3. Formatted I/O

Control string (Flags, field width, precision, and specifier)

Formatted I/O (scanf(), printf())

5. Control Structures

8 hrs

5.1. Introduction to simple and compound statement

5.2. Sequential statement

5.3. Branching statement

Simple if statement

if-else statement

Nested if-else statement

else-if ladder

switch statement

go to statement

5.4. Looping statement

for loop

while loop

do while

Nested loop

5.5. Loop interruption

break

continue

6. Array and Pointer

7 hrs

6.1. Introduction to an array

6.2. One-dimensional array

6.3. Two-dimensional array

6.4. Multidimensional array

6.5. Introduction to string

6.6. String handling functions

6.7. Definition of a pointer

6.8. Pointer declaration

6.9. Pointer arithmetic

6.10. Relationship between pointer and arrays

7. User-defined Functions

6 hrs

7.1. Introduction to function

7.2. Advantages of function

7.3. Elements of user-defined function

Function definition

Function prototype

Function parameters

7.4. Storage class

7.5. Scope rules

7.6. Category of functions

Functions with no arguments and no return values

Functions with arguments and no return values

Functions with arguments and return values

Functions with no arguments and return values

7.7. Recursive functions

7.8. Function call by values and reference

7.9. Passing array and string to function

8. Structures

5 hrs

8.1. Defining a structure

8.2. Declaring and accessing structure elements

8.3. Initializing structure

8.4. Array of structure

8.5. Array as member to structure

8.6. Pointer as member to structure

8.7. Structure as a member to structure

8.8. Passing and returning structures to/from function

9. File Management

4 hrs

9.1. Introduction

9.2. Binary and text file in C

9.3. File opening modes

9.4. Defining, opening and closing file

9.5. Input-output operations on files

Character I/O (fputc(), fgetc())

String I/O (fgets(), fputs())

Formatted I/O (fscanf(), fprintf())

Record I/O (fwrite(), fread())

9.6. Overview of random file access

9.7. Error handling

10. Recent Trends in Programming

2 hrs

10.1. Introduction to object oriented programming (OOP)

10.2. Definitions of class, method and object in OOP

10.3. Difference between procedure oriented and OOP

10.4. Overview of other high level programming languages

Laboratory Works

Students will perform hands-on lab exercises and a group project in C programming covering input/output, control structures, arrays, strings, pointers, functions, structures, and file handling.

1.Lab 1: Introduction and demonstrations of projects written in C
2.Lab 2: Formatted and unformatted Input/output in C
3.Lab 3: Branching in control structure
4.Lab 4: Looping in control structure
5.Lab 5: Array in C
6.Lab 6: String in C
7.Lab 7: Pointers in C
8.Lab 8: User defined functions in C
9.Lab 9: Structure in C
10.Lab 10: File handling in C
11.Group project on C maximum 4 students in a group at the end of the course.

Reference Books

1.Lafore, R. (1993). The Waite Group's C programming using Turbo C++ (1st ed.). SAMS Publishing.
2.Balagurusamy, E. (2019). Programming in ANSI C (8th ed.). McGraw Hill Education.
3.Gottfried, B. S. (2010). Programming with C (3rd ed.). McGraw Hill Education.

Notes:

This syllabus follows the official BEI curriculum of Tribhuvan University. In case of any doubt or revision, the university’s published syllabus shall be considered authoritative. https://ioe.tu.edu.np/pages/electronics-engineering-curriculum-structure-2660

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Computer Programming

Course Description

Course Objectives

Course Contents

Laboratory Works

Reference Books

Notes: